Combined pump and distributor



July 29. 1924.

A. w. THOMPSON COMBINED PUMP AND Drs'rmuTon fi /zf Patented .iuiy 29, i924.

Parar COMBINED PUMP AND DISTRIBUTOR.

Application filed. pril 14, 1922. Serial No. 552,744.V

To @ZZ whom imag concern:

Be 1t knownthat I, ARTHUR W. THOMP- soN, a citizen of the Dominion of Canada,

and resident of the city of Ottawa, in theV Province of OntarioDominion of Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inV Combined Pumps and Distributors, of which the following is a speciiication.

My inventionmay beused as a pump or as a liquid distributor, or as a combined pump and distributor, and acts to take a liquid from a source of supply and force separate measured charges through av plurality of separate outletsor delivery conduits in succession.

Although my invention may-be used for pumpingjor distributing any liquid, it is intended primari-ly for usek in connection with a multiple; cylinder internal combustion engine of the Dieselor other type in which the separate successive fuel charges are pumped or forced directly intothe engine cylinder. These several conduits may extend to the separate cylinders and the number and dis-.

tribution of these outlets and the speed of rotation ofthe-pump may be such thatv the fuel charges are delivered to the cylinders in the proper order and atl the proper instant in the cycle of operation of each cylinder.`

In my improved construction I provide a casing having one or more outlets from a chamber-formed by the casing and a pair of members within the casing and rotatable about the. aXisof the latter. These members have a relative movement circumferentially so that thechamber or space between the opposing ends of the members forms a pump chamber of; varying capacity which may communicate with an outletor outlets of the casing during therotation of the two members forming the rotor. The relative movement off the members is so controlled that their opposing endsl or surfaces are brought together` when opposite each discharge or outletport, and .separated between discharge ports to take in liquid sothat the relative movement of .ther members effects,v a pumpingA action. This pumping; action is soz controlled as to take place a plurality of times .during eachrotation, andat points properly located in respect to the several separate outlets.

As a further important feature of my invention, Iprovide a yielding connection between the two members, which normally tends to hold the members in such predetermined'relationship as to make the pump chamberv of' one limiting capacity, for instance maximum size, and I provide stop mechanismfor overcoming the action of the yielding connection at the desired points in the cycle ofrotation and effect such relative movement of vthe members as will' tend to bring` the pumping chamber toits opposite limitingv capacity, for instance minimum size. The stop mechanism is preferably a yielding one, sovthat its action is automatically overcome when the'resistance-y reaches a predetermined point. If the yielding connection betweenV the membersv acts to separate them, and enlarge the pump chamber for a suction stroke, the stop mechanism may momentarily. retard one member in respect. to the other to effect the discharge or delivery stroke. By varying the resistance which the stop mechanism offers to the free rotation of the members, the pumping action may be controlledto vary the quantity of liquid delivered, and thus means for, controlling the yielding stop mechanism may serve as a throttlefor controlling thelfueldelivery to the engine and controllingV thespeed and power of the engine.

I. have illustrated ,merely one embodiment of my invention in the accompanying. drawings in whichi Fig. l is a central longitudinal section'on the line l-1 of Fig. 3.

Figs. 2 and 8 are transverse sections onthe lines 2 2 and 8 3 respectively of Fig. l,

Figs. 4 and 5 are sections similar to aportion of Fig. 3, but showing the parts in different positions, and

Figs. 6 and?. are perspective views of the separate parts of the rotor.

In the form illustrated, I provide a casing l0 having a cylindrical chamber within which yis mounted the rotor. The casing has ari-inletl l1y from va suitable source of liquid supply, andanannular rowfof outlet ports l2 in the, periphery thereof, and'communieatingl with liquid-1delivery-'pipes 13, which may leadto the separate cylinders ofamultiple cylinder internal combustion engine. The number of these outlet ports and delirrlimited relative rotary movement.

ery pipes may of course be varied in accordance with the particular purpose for which the device is used, or in accordance with the number of cylinders, if the device be used as combined fuel pump and distributor for an engine. The outlet ports may be formed in a liner member 1st which may be fixed to the casing within the chamber.

The rotor includes a pair of members rotatable about a common axis, and having @ne of these members is shown as including` a disk portion 15 of such diameter as to closely litthe interior of a chamber at one end of the liner 14. The disk is secured to or integral with a sleeve 1G, which latter is keyed to a shaft 1T so that the sleeve and disk may have limited endwise movement on the shaft, and toward and from the end of the liner ll. vi ithin the chamber at the side of the disk opposite to the liner is a supply chamber 18 with which the supply pipe 11 communicates. The return fiow of liquid from the chamber to the supply pipe 11 may be prevented by a check valve 19 and the chamber itself may be filled, for instance for starting, through a separate inlet normally closed by a plug 20, a priming cock or other suitable form of closure. V

The disk 15 on the side thereof opposite to the chamber 18 has a centrally disposed boss 21 having a circular peripheral wall spaced from the liner member 14e.

The disk 15 also carries a ring section 22 extending radially from the periphery of the hub or boss 21 to the liner 14, and eX- tending circumferentially along only a limited portion of the space between the hub or boss 21 and liner 14. The disk 15 has a pair of ports 23 and 24 therethrough adjacent to opposite ends of the ring section 22. The function and operation of these ports will be more fully pointed out hereinafter. Although the disk 15, boss 21 and ring section 22 may be made integral as indicated in Figs. 1, 3, al, and 5, economy in manuw facturing operation is accomplished by making the ring section 22 of a separate piece rigidly secured in place.

The other member of the rotor includes a disk 25 slightly smaller than the disk 15, and mounted to closely lit within the liner 111 and against one end of the main chamber of the casing. This disk is rigidly connected to or integral with a sleeve 26 which is rotatable on the shaft 17. The disk 25 cooperates with the disk 15, the liner 14 and the hub or boss 21 to form an annular chamber,

a portion of which is filled by the ring section 22 which corresponds in cross-section to that of the annular chamber. Another portion of this annular chamber is filled by a ring section 27 corresponding in shape to the ring section 22, but these ring sections are of such length that they do not completely fill the annular chamber circumferentially and thus they permit of a limited relative rotation of the two disks carrying the ring sections. This relative rotation permits of the forming of two chambers 28 and 29 of variable capacity between the two pairs of opposed ends of the ring sections. Une of these chambers, for instance the chamber 28, serves as the pumping chamber as hereinafter pointed out. It will be noted that as the two members rotate, this pumping chamber will come into communication with the several outlet ports 12 in succession, and that it may communicate with the supply chamber 18 through the port 23.

One of the two members of the rotor, for instance the member' including the disk 15, provided with means whereby it may be positively rotated in proper timed relationship to the engine crank shaft. As shown, the shaft 17 has a gear or sprocket wheel 3() loose thereon, and provided with a one-way acting, one-tooth clutch connection 31 to the sleeve 16. The clutch members are held in operative engagement by a coil spring 32 so that the pump mechanism will not be turned backward upon a reversal of the direction of rotation of the gear the gear and sleeve can operatively interlock in only one predeterniined position, and the sleeve and shaft may be positively rotated in a forward direction when the engine and gear 30 are at rest.

During normal operation, the disk 15 100 with its ring section 22 will thus be positively driven at a substantially uniform rate. In order to effect the variable speed movement of the other member of the rotor to give the pumping and distributing ac- 105 tion, l provide yielding connections between the members and a yielding stop for one of them. As shown, the shaft 17 has a flywheel 33 rigidly secured thereto, and the sleeve 2G of the disk 25 has a flange or 110 wheel 34 rigid therewith. The yielding connection between the two members of the rotor is preferably between the wheels 33 and 84e, as one of these is secured to one member of the rotor and the other to the 115 other member of the rotor. The yielding connection as illustrated includes a pin 35 carried by the fly-wheel 38, a pin 86 carried by the fly-wheel 34, and a. spring 37 engaging with these two pins and tending to 120 separate them to the maximum distance. rThis maximum distance is controlled by the spacing between the ends of the ring sections 22 and 27, and the relative permissible rotation of the two members of the rotor. 125 rlhe spring tends to keep the two members in such relative position that the chamber 28 is of the maximum capacity and the chamber 29 of the minimum or negligible capacity.

Stop mechanism; is: providedY for` intere mittently otl'eringc-sucli i resista-nce to\thei roi tation of: the. Wheel, 34;' as :will in effect. stop the ring section 27, and permitY thearingf44 section 22 to catch-upiwith-itand,redi1ce` the capacity of; the chamber 28 y and thereby discharge vliquid; therefrom.i In the. stop mechanismV illustratedithe flange or Wheel ,34,

isin'the form ofi a star; Wheel Withprojections or arms 3'8wcorrespon'ding in` number= and spacing -to the discharge portsf121of the:A A yielding member is mountedi in. the path 1ofthese projections-or arms, so that as the projectiony engages themember, theY star Wheel is momentarily.*stoppeduntil1thefv pump.

oilered; resistance is overcome. c Theyieldf ing member is shownas a-ispringcarried by a-bracket 40,and having a free endin the path of movement ofthe-extremities of*L the arms 38. The pressnreof the spring may be varied by means of an adjusting screw 41. Obviously` thespringvj39-whgich constitutes the yielding stop niustoffer; such resistance as Will overcome the action of:

the spring 37 and the excess must be suiii'- cient to overcome lthe back pressure inl the several liquid discharge pipes 13. The'tly` Wheel 33 is providedwith means whereby it may be readily turned Vbyzhanddnccase itY rotated to the limiting.forwardposition sothatthe chamber 28 is; ofthe maximum limiting capacity, as shown. inFig, 3. This chamber is in open .communicationzwith the supply chamber 18V through the port 23. The instant that the end of the ring section 27.4 passes a port, as shown in Fig. 3, `one of the arms 38 of thestar Wheel engages the yielding-stop 39,-Aandthe ringsection27 is thus brought. to rest. Therring section 22 which is positively driven, continues-.rotay tion until it aplproaches or. reaches` the position shown in 1g.` l; Duringthis movement, the port 23 moves behindand is-.closed by the ring section 27, so as to prevent. fur ther escape of 'liquid throiughIthis port, and* the further positive rotation ,of the ring sec-V tion 22irurtheriL reducesithe capacity ofthe.V chamber 28v and JforcesV liquid. therefrom through the discharge port 12 and delivery pipe 13'. Vhen the ends o-Vthetvvosections cometogether, or when tli`erpressure;resisting thebringing Aof them together issiuhs cientl to overcomelthe, action of theispring stop 3.9, the arm of the starrwheelfWillbel This means may include'l released and the; spring: 37. will instantly advance. the ring'section27? and open up the chamber 28 to the maximum-capacity, thus tal'ingtv in.4 ai fresh supplywol liquid through the port 23 preparatory todischarging. it' Whe-iaith@ -ne-Xtfoutleu port is reached. lfi the pump vvorkfatiy fullicapacity thering sectionVJ 22 Willicoiveri-the outletl porti 12, as shown inVV Eig: ,beforethe arm of' the starA WheelE is inallyreleased and the ring section 27 umps orward.V Thus the-closing upof the chamber 28 etakes placeV While `this chamber Y is yin communicationwith an outletf port, and the opening doesnot take place untilzafter the chamberisV out of communication with the outlet porti The po-rt 23 may be placedat any desired distance fromv the adjacent end oftheA ring section 22, and thisdistance. will determine the maximum amount of liquid Which canv bev discharged n by the pump through `each outlet port. The port 24 in the disk lfis'mad'e closely. adjacent to its corresponding endfpo the ring section 122, so that the;increaseordecrease in the capacity Yof the chamber 29-Which,ftakes place Ysimultaneouslyxr With a decrease or increase in the capacity of the chamber 2,8imerely effects a free outflow or inow of' liquid 1 through the port 241:.` Theilengtltof thefringsectionr 22 is such that lthe openingv up andjclosing of thechamber 29 takes piace alonga sectionV of thea-nnular path betweentwo adjacent ports so thatthe chamber 29 is of minimum or y.negligible capacity each-timesit passes a discharge port 12.-

The'b'aclrv pressure inthe dischargepipes Oilers a resistance-to the pumping ofwliquid into said :pipes and therefore vt'endsto-resist the closing upf-of the-pumpingchamber 28:

The greaterl th'e l back pressure ther quickerY will the` star Wheel bev released, and the smaller Will be the quantity of liquid forced into the pipe bly the-pump; By adjusting the screwi 41 the resistance offered bvl the spring stop 39.may be varied at will sothat the resistance-offered bythe Yback pressure of the liquid andthe pressure-ofthe spring 37 Will not be overcome until therv desired quantity of liquid yhas-heen-forced into the discharge pipe. By adjusting the screw l1 to vary thisresistanee, the quantity of liquid discharged. maythus bereadily controlled andthe screw 41r may serve as thefthrottle forV controlling;` the fuel: charge, speedV and po-vveriy of the engine.; Then it: is .desired to. operate 'the' pump by hand this may be readily vdonebyfmeanstofthe fly Wheele33 and handle 42. During` hand operation` the ac tion- 7o'tfthei pump vrwill be exactly-the same asf during f normal operation, except'that heclutch 31 slipsvaai-dthe gear` 30r-rem-ains at rest; Itfwill bernoted that'if Yfor Vany-'reason the. pressureingthe pumping chamber-:2S be comes unduly excessive, this pressuremayY be Yrelieved bythe endwise movement-ot the disk l5 along the shaft 17 from the position indicated in F ig. l, and against the action of the spring 32.

In the form illustrated I rely upon the relative movement ot the two ring sections 22 and 2T to cover and uncover the port 23 to permit the flow of liquid into the pump chamber 28. rlhis is desirable from the standpoint of simplicity of design and economy of manufacture, but it will be evident that this port may be placed closely adjacent to the end ot the ring section 22 and be controlled by any suitable form of inwardly opening ycheck valve.

The hub or boss 2l might be carried by or form a part of either member of the rotor, but it is preferable that it be on the driven member ot the rotor in order that the spring actuated member be as light in weight as possible. The minimum mass is desirable tor the spring actuated member ot the rotor in order that it may be suddenly stopped by the spring 39 and in order that it may accelerate rapidly and open up the chamber 28 after being released from the spring 39 and before the pump chamber reaches t-he next discharge port.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l. A pump including a pair of rotatable relatively movable members cooperating to form a chamber ot varying capacity, driving means for one of said members, yielding connections between said members tending to maintain the chamber at one limit ot capacity and means for overcoming the action of said yielding means and'etfecting a. relative movement ot said members and a change in the capacity of said chamber at a predetermined point in the revolution of said` members.

2. A pump including a pair of rotatable relatively .movable members having spaced` portions forming a pump chamber, driving means for one member, yielding connections between said members tending to hold said portions spaced to the maximum extent, and means for resisting the tree rotation ot the other member at a predetermined point inr the revolution of said members to effect a relative movement of said members.

3. A pump including a pair of rotatable relatively movable members having spaced portions forming a pump chamber, driving means for one member, yieldingconnections between said members tending to hold said portions spaced to the maximum extent, and means for resisting the free rotation of the other' member at a plurality of spaced points in each revolution of said member.

4. A pump including a drivenrotor member having a. pump chamber, a piston member carried by said rotor member in said chamber, resilient connections between said members tending to move said piston member toward one end of said chamber, and a yielding stop for effecting a movement of said piston member toward the opposite end of the chamber at a predetermined point in the revolution ot said members.

5. A combined pump and distributor including a casing having an amiular row ot discharge ports, a pair of rotatable relatively movable members within said casing, and having ports spaced to form a pump chamber, and means tor eiiecting a relative movement of said members to decrease the capacity of said chamber each time it is in communication with a discharge port and increase the capacity of the chamber between successive discharge ports.

6. A device of the class described, including a casing having a liquid chamber, a rotor within said casing and including two relatively movable members normally spaced to form a pump chamber, one of said members having an inlet port to said pump chamber trom said liquid chamber and the wall ot said casing having an outlet port with which said chamber communicates once during each revolution of the rotor, and means for effecting relative movement of said members during rotation.

7. A device ot the class described, including a casing having` a liquid chamber, a rotor within said casing` and including two relatively movable members normally spaced to form a pump chamber, one ot said members having an inlet port to said pump chamber from said liquid chamber and the wall of said casing having an annular row of outlet ports at spaced points about the axis, and with which said pump chamber communicates in succession, and means for eliecting relative movement of said members during rotation to eHect pumping action.

8. A device ot the class described, including a casing having a liquid chamber, a rotor within said casing and including two relatively movable members normally spaced to Jjorm a pump chamber, an inlet port to said pump chamber from said liquid chamber, an outlet port with which said pump chamber communicates once during each revolution ot the rotor, and means tor eii'ecting relative movement of said members with said pump chamber in communication with said outlet port.

9. A device of the class describech including a casing having a liquid chamber, a rotor within said casing and including two relatively movable members normally spaced to form a pump chamber, an inlet port to said pump chamber from said liquid chamber and an outlet port with which said chamber .communicates once during each revolution ot the rotor, means for driving one of said members at substantially uniform speed, stop mechanism for intermit- CII tentlyV retarding the other member, and connections between said members for advancing the last mentione'd'member in respect tothe `first When released from the'aetion of said stop. Y

10. v A device ofthe class described,`includ ing a .casing having `a liquid chamber, a rotor Within Vsaid casing andn ineluding tvvo relatively movable members normally spaced to -form a pump chamber, one of-said membershaving aninlet port' to Asaid pump chamber from said liquid chamber and the Wall of said casinghaving "anfannular row of outletpo'rts at'spacedfpoints vabo'ut the axis, and with iWhich said pump cl'iamber communicates in v succession, means `for V`ro tating one ofsaidmembers at substantially uniform speed, stop vmechanism Afor intermittently retard'ingtheV other member `a 'plurality of times during-each revolution-'and When the pump chamber -is in communication With a correspondingoutlet port, and means foriY advancing said second mentioned memberto take in liquid through said inlet port Whileisaid pump chamber is between successive outlet ports.

11. A device of the class describedJincluding a casin'gya-rotorvvithin said'casing and includingtvo :relatively movable members normally spaced to form -a pump chamber, having an inlet port and an annular rovv of outlet ports vat-spaced points about the axis,

and with which Asaid pump chamber communicates in succession, means for driving one of said members atsubstantially uniform speed, spring connect-ions between said mem- 'bers normally'tending to hold them in predetermined'relative position With vthe pum chamber atmaximum capacity, andayiel ing'stop for retarding said flas't mentioned member a plurality Vof `times during each revolution to effect'the dischargeof liquid from said pump chamber When the pump chamber is in communication With veach of the several outlet ports. y Y

12'. A device of the `class described, in-

jcluchng a Vcasing having lan annular row of discharge'ports, a disk in said casing spaced from one end thereof 'to form a liquid sup- Ply chamber out of direct communication with said discharge ports, a member at the opposite side of said disk and movable in respect thereto, to form vvithsaid casing and said Vdisk Ia pump chamber communicating nf'ith-said'discharge ports in succession, said disk having a port foradmitting liquid from said lsupply chamberV to said r`pump chamber.

13. A device of the class described, including a casing having an annular rovv of discharge ports, a disk in said casing spaced from one end thereof to form a liquid supply chamber out of direct communication With said discharge ports, a member at the opposite side of said disk and movable inV respect thereto, to form with' said casingand said 'disk a pump chamber communicating Withsaid discharge ports in successionfsaid disk having a port for admitting :liquid fromsaid supply chamber to 'said `pump chamber, and said port'being cont'rolledby the relative movement ofv said Adisk and said member.

14. YA device of the class described, including a casing having a ldischarge port, a rotatable -disk kin 4said casing spaced from oneend o'f the'casing to formaliquid supply 'chamber onthe'sidefof'the disk `opp0- siteto sai'd'port, said disk havingfalport therethrough and a member Within said casing-rotatable with said disk and movable in respectithereto to c'ontrolfthe Vport insaid disk and to effect the discharge of liquid through said outlet port.

Y'15. A device of-theclass described, including a casing Ahaving a Vdischarge I"port, a rotatable disk in said casing spaced from one'end oflthe casing to form a liquid supply chamber-onthe side ofthe disk Vopposite to v`said port, said diskfhaving a port therethrough and a memberwithin saidcasing rotatable with saiddisk Vandtmovable in respect thereto to effect the discharge of liquidlthrough said outlet port. 16. A device of the class described, 'including-a casing j' having anY inlet port and an outlet port, a disk rotatably mounted in said casing andforming a partitionbettveen said ports, and having a port therethrough and `a member Within said member and rota-table about the `same aXis as said disk and having limited relative circumferential movement in respect thereto, vsaid r:member Yand s aid disk having spaced partsfto form tially uniformspeed,v means for imparting a `variable speed to ilthe other disk to 4`vary the capacity of the pump chamber, `said pump `vchamber having- 'an inlet portthrough one of Ysaid disks for communication `vvith Vth'e'inlet portofthe casing, and means --for controlling the inlet port of :fsa-id pump chamber.

18. A device of the class described, including` a casing having aninlet port and an outlet port, a pair of coaxial members mounted for rotation therein, said members having limited relative `circumferential movement to effect liquid pumping action,

means for driving one of said members, spring connections between said members normally tending to hold them in predetermined relative positions, the other of said members having a projection outside of said casing and a. spring stop in the path of movement of said projection.

19. A device of the class described, including a casing having an inlet port and an annular row of outlet ports, a pair of coaxial members mounted for rotation therein, said members having limited relative circumferential movement to effect liquid pumping action, means for driving one of said members, spring connections between said members normally tending to hold them in predetermined relative positions, the other of said members having an annular row of projections outside of said casing, and a spring stop in the path of movement of said projections for effecting retardation of said last mentioned member at points corresponding in position to said outlet ports.

20. A device of the class described, including a casing having an inlet port and an annular row of outlet ports, a pair of coaxial members mounted for rotation therein, said members having limited relative circumferential movements to effect liquid pumping action, means for driving one of said members, spring connections between said members normally tending to hold them in'` predetermined relative positions, a star wheel secured to the other of said members, and a spring stop for engaging therewith and retarding said member a plurality of times during each revolution to efl'ect relative movement of said members.

2l. A device of the class described, including a casing having an inlet port and an annular row of outlet ports, a pair of coaxial members mounted for rotation therein, said members having limited relative circumferential movement to effect liquid pumping action, means for driving one of said members, spring connections between said members normally tending to hold them in predetermined relative positions, a star wheel secured to the other of said members,

a spring stop for engaging therewith and retarding said member ai plurality of times during each revolution to eifect relative movement of said members, and means for varying the effective action of said spring stop to control the quantity of liquid discharged.

22. A device of the class described, including a casing having an annular row of discharge ports, a pair of coaxial members rotatable in said casing and having relative circumferential movement to eifect pumping action through said ports, means for driving one of said members, a spring connection between said members normally tending to hold them in predetermined relative' positions, a`star wheel secured to the other member, a spring in the path of movement of said star wheel for stopping said last mentioned member a plurality of times during each revolution and in positions corresponding to said dischaige ports.

23. A device of the class described, including a casing having an annular row of discharge ports, a pair of coaxial members rotatable in said casing and having relative circumferential movement to effect pumping action through said ports, means for driving one of said members, a spring connection between said members normally tending to hold them inpredetermined relative positions, a star wheel secured to the other member, a spring in the path of movement of said star wheel for stopping said last mentioned member a plurality of times during each revolution and in positions corresponding to said discharge ports, and adjusting means for varying the effective action of said spring stop.

24. A device of the class described, including a casing having an annular row of discharge ports, a pair of coaxial members rotatable in said casing, a drive shaft secured to one of said members, a sleeve secured to the other member and a spring outside of the casing and connecting said shaft and sleeve to permit limited relative circumferential movement of said members, and thereby effect pumping yaction through said ports.

25. AA device of the class described, including a casing having' an annular row of discharge ports, a pair of coaxial members rotatable in said casing, a drive shaft secured to one of said members, a hand wheel secured to said shaft, a sleeve secured to the other member, a star wheel secured to said sleeve, a spring outside of said casing and connecting said hand wheel and said star wheel, and a spring for intermit* tently resisting the rotation of the star wheel.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 10th day of April, A. D. 1922.

ARTHUR lV. THOMPSON. 

